Documentatie atasata la

Programe software pentru arhitectura, instalatii, structuri beton, metal CYPE

Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D

Limba: Engleza

161 afisari

Tip documentatie: Instructiuni montaj, utilizare

Pagina 1 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza 2

IMPORTANT:...

2 IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING TEXT CAREFULLY. The information contained in this document is property of CYPE Ingenieros, S.A. and cannot be reproduced nor transferred partially or completely in any way or by any means, be it electrically or mechanically, under any circumstances, without previous written authorisation of CYPE Ingenieros, S.A. Copyright infringement may be constituted as a crime (article 270 and onwards of the Penal code). This document and the information it contains form an integral part of the documentation accompanying the User License of CYPE Ingenieros S.A. programs and cannot be separated. Therefore it is protected by the same laws and rights. Do not forget to read, understand and accept the User License Contract of the software of which this documentation forms part of before using any component of the product. If the terms and conditions of the User License Contract are NOT accepted, immediately return the software and all the elements accompanying

Pagina 1-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza 2

IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ...

Pagina 2 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza the product to...

the product to where it was first acquired for a complete refund. This manual corresponds to the software version indicated by CYPE Ingenieros, S.A. as Metal 3D. The information contained in this document substantially describes the properties and methods of use of the program or programs accompanying it. The information contained in this document could have been modified after its mechanical edition without issuing a warning. The software accompanying this document can be submitted to modifications without issuing a previous warning. CYPE Ingenieros, S.A. has other services available, one of these being the Updates, which allows the user to acquire the latest versions of the software and accompanying documentation. If there are any doubts with respect to this text or with the software User License or for any queries, please contact CYPE Ingenieros, S.A. by consulting the corresponding Authorised Local Distributor or the After-sales department at: Avda. Eusebio Sempere, 5 – 03003 A

Pagina 2-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza the product to where it was ...

Pagina 3 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza licante (Spain)...

licante (Spain) • Tel : +34 965 92 25 50 • Fax: +34 965 12 49 50 • www.cype.com CYPE Ingenieros, S.A. 1st Edition (November 2010) Edited and printed in Alicante (Spain) Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. CYPE Metal 3D - User manual Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1.4.2.1. Polygonal limits for footings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 1.4.3. Strap and tie beams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 1. Program description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1.5. Complementary options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 1.1. Basic functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1.5.1. Data introduction assistant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 1.1.1. How to introduce a node . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1.5.2. Automatic generation of the str

Pagina 3-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza licante (Spain) • Tel :...

Pagina 4 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza ucture using
DXF ...

ucture using DXF or DWG files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 1.1.2. How to introduce a bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 1.1.3. Element selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 1.5.3. Exporting reports in TXT, HTML, PDF and RTF formats and preliminary views . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 1.1.4. Order criteria of bar nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 1.1.5. Reference systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 1.5.4. Undo and Redo options during data introduction . . . . . . .38 1.1.6. Creation of windows with new views of the structure . . . . . .9 1.5.5. Displacement of the image on screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 1.2. Different bar sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 1.5.6. Change of background colour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 1.2.1. S

Pagina 4-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza ucture using
DXF or DWG...

Pagina 5 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza teel bars . . . ....

teel bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 1.5.7. Selection of recently opened jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 1.2.2. Extruded aluminium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 1.5.8. Automatic generation of loadcase combinations . . . . . . . .38 1.2.3. Special aluminium sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 1.5.9. Use categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 1.2.4. Timber bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 1.5.10. Limit states . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 1.2.5. Concrete bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 1.5.10.1. Combination configuration for each limit state . . . . .40 1.2.6. Generic bars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 1.5.10.2. Project situations introduced by the user . . . . . . . . .

Pagina 6 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza 41

1.3. Basic...

41 1.3. Basic introduction of a structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 1.5.11. 3D View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 1.3.1. Geometrical and structural introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 1.5.12. Export to other programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 1.3.2. Bar description and their properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 1.6. On screen help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 1.3.3. Ties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 1.6.1. Pressing F1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 1.3.4. Loads and analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 1.6.2. Question mark icon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 1.3.5. Joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 1.6.3. Book icon . . . .

Pagina 6-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza 41

1.3. Basic introduction ...

Pagina 7 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza . . . . . . . . ....

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 1.4. Foundations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 1.6.4. Quick guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 1.4.1. Baseplates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 1.6.5. About… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 1.4.2. Foundation options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 CYPE 3 4 Metal 3D CYPE Metal 3D - User manual Presentation Metal 3D is a powerful and efficient program brought about to carry out structural calculations in 3 dimensions of steel, aluminium and timber bars. The program obtains the forces and displacements based on an automatic design. It possesses a laminated, welded and cold formed steel section database. It analyses any type of structure carrying out all the verifications and checks the selected code requires.

Pagina 8 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza
Thanks to the...

Thanks to the generation of structural views, the user can work with windows in 2D and 3D in a completely interactive manner. The structure can equally be redesigned and hence obtain its maximum optimisation. The element dimensions are created without the need of having to introduce coordinate systems or rigid meshes. CYPE 5 6 Metal 3D CYPE Metal 3D - User manual 1. Program description 1.1. Basic functions • Using coordinates. Type the coordinates using the number pad on the keyboard. Type in the X coordinate and press ; the Y coordinate and press ; and the Z coordinate and press . All the options of Metal 3D can be selected from the menus on the right and from the drop-down menus at the top of the main screen. The two selection zones can be seen in the figure below. • By clicking directly on screen using the mouse. When working in a 3 dimensional view, nodes should only be introduced over a blue reference line or over a bar. When working in a 2 dimensional view, the n

Pagina 8-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza
Thanks to the generation of...

Pagina 9 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza ode
can be...

ode can be introduced at any point. If there are no existing reference lines, one will be created at that moment. • Snap using DXF or DWG. DXF or DWG file templates can only have 2 dimensions to be visualised in a 2D window. Once a DXF or DWG view is available, a node can be introduced by clicking with the mouse with the aid of the object snap settings. Nodes introduced in this way do not require their separation dimensions to be indicated as the DXF or DWG will already contain that information. • Import of a text, DXF or DWG file. In these cases, the program processes the information of these files and generates nodes and bars according to the information contained in the file. These formats will be commented on later. Fig. 1.1 An option can be selected from either of the two menus. 1.1.1. How to introduce a node To introduce a node, click on Node > New. There are four ways of introducing a node. N.B.: When a node has been introduced, regardless of whether this has been in a

Pagina 9-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza ode
can be introduced at any...

Pagina 10 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza 3D or a 2D...

3D or a 2D window, its relative dimensions will eventually have to be established. It is important to do this as soon as possible, otherwise the user may risk forgetting, which will result in a warning message appearing during the analysis indicating a node is present without dimensions. At that moment it may be difficult to detect the node in question if the structure being analysed contains hundreds of nodes. Be careful to distinguish between a 2D view and a rotated 3D view which may appear to be a 2D view. CYPE 7 8 Metal 3D 1.1.2. How to introduce a bar clicking on it again, it will become unselected. If the intersection of three reference lines is clicked on, all three will be selected. Click on Bar > New and follow the same procedure as was done to introduce the nodes. Bear in mind that a bar has an initial and a final node and the same must be done to introduce a bar as is to introduce two nodes. A bar can also be introduced between two existing nodes. 1.1.4. Order cri

Pagina 10-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza 3D or a 2D window, its...

Pagina 11 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza teria of bar...

teria of bar nodes 1.1.3. Element selection The order criteria is as follows: end 1 has the smallest Z coordinate. If the Z coordinate is the same at both ends, end 1 is that possessing the smallest Y coordinate. If the Y coordinates are also the same, end 1 is that corresponding to the smallest X coordinate. When a bar is introduced, the program needs to know which is its initial and final node. These criteria do not hold any relation to the introduction order of the bar ends. For the majority of options, the different components of the structure must be selected to work with them. Generally speaking, there are two types of elements: • Finite dimension elements. These consist of nodes and bars. They may be selected in two different ways: 1.1.5. Reference systems - Click on the element. Once selected, if clicked on again, the selection of the node or bar is cancelled. - Click at a point where no element is present, drag without letting go and click at another point. This way

Pagina 11-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza teria of bar nodes

1.1.3....

Pagina 12 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza a rectangle is...

a rectangle is created with part of the structure contained within it. If the rectangle is created from left to right, its perimeter will be shown as a continuous line and only those elements it completely contains will be selected. If the rectangle is created from right to left, its perimeter will be displayed as a discontinuous line and all the elements that are completely or partially contained within the rectangle will be selected. Selected elements will be displayed in magenta. • Non finite dimension elements. These are reference lines, i.e. lines generated upon introducing a node or bar. These are shown drawn in light blue. Three lines are always generated per node, in accordance with the three main axes. If an option is chosen which implies the selection of one of these reference lines, upon clicking on the line, it will automatically be selected. By There are four reference systems: • General axes or global axes • Local bar axes or bar x-axis • Local plane axes of the

Pagina 12-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza a rectangle is created with ...

Pagina 13 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza bar or...

bar or horizontal x axis • Local axes of the section At this point when ‘bar’ is mentioned, this is done in reference to an immaterial section that, when described, will coincide with the longitudinal axis of the section. The section is a material element, which can be steel, concrete or any other material described in the program. The diversity of the reference systems is due to the program allowing the user to work and introduce data in a 3D system. The first three systems are used to introduce loads. The last for buckling related issues and result consultation of a specific section. CYPE Metal 3D - User manual • Local axes of the section. These axes exist as of when the bar is described, i.e. when the section of the bar has been identified (Specific steel section, rectangular concrete section, etc.). The local axes of the section coincide with the local axes of the bar. However, if the section is rotated, the axes of the section rotate with it, whereas the local axes o

Pagina 13-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza bar or horizontal x axis...

Pagina 14 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza f the bar do not...

f the bar do not. • General axes. These are drawn in the bottom left hand corner of the screen and a represented by a trihedron indicating the direction and positive sense of the axes. • Local bar axes. In this case, the X axis coincides with the direction of the bar. The Z axis is perpendicular to the X axis and is contained in a vertical plane, which contains the local X axis and is parallel to the general Z axis. As a guide, the general axes are drawn in the bottom left hand corner of the screen. The local axes of the section are also shown when the Describe bar option is selected and when introducing the Buckling data. In the case of a vertical bar, i.e. parallel to the general Z axis, and as there are infinite vertical planes containing the X axis, the reference vertical plane to obtain the local Z axis is parallel to the general ZY plane. The Y axis is perpendicular to the local X and Z axes of the bar. The local axes of the bar and the local axes of the plane of the ba

Pagina 15 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza r can be deduced...

r can be deduced easily based on the local axes of the section. Regarding their direction, the positive X direction is from node 1 to node 2. The positive Z direction is always upwards. That is, if the local Z axis is projected on the general Z axis, it has the same positive direction as the general Z axis. Finally, the positive direction of the local Y axis is the direction corresponding to fastening a screw rotating from the local Z axis to the local X axis via the shortest route. Additionally, for the majority of structures, knowing which are the global axes and the local axes of the section, which are drawn on screen, will suffice. To understand the other two reference systems, read their description carefully and think of a three dimensional view. • Local axes of the plane of the bar. If the bar is introduced using a 2D view, the plane of the bar is precisely that 2D view. 1.1.6. Creation of windows with new views of the structure If the bar is introduced in a 3D view, the

Pagina 15-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza r can be deduced easily...

Pagina 16 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza plane of the...

plane of the bar is the vertical bar, i.e. the plane containing the bar and that, additionally, is parallel to the general Z axis. To create new windows displaying 2D and 3D views, use the option Window > Open New. A new window can be selected amongst the following types: Bearing in mind what has been said previously, the local X axis of the plane of the bar is the projection of the local X axis of the bar on the intersection of the bar with the general XY plane. • 2D view in a plane orthogonal to the X, Y or Z axis. To create the new view, select two coplanar lines using the mouse. The local Z axis of the plane of the bar is the projection of the local Z axis of the bar on the intersection of the plane of the bar with the general ZY plane. • 2D view of a plane. To a new view to appear, click on three non-aligned nodes and contained within the plane to create. The local Y plane of the bar coincides with the local Y axis of the bar. CYPE 9 10 Metal 3D • 3D view of the

Pagina 16-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza plane of the bar
is the...

Pagina 17 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza whole structure....

whole structure. Upon clicking on accept, a new 3D view of the whole structure will be created. Each case contains different options. For sections welded together, the user can choose whether it is a continuous or discontinuous weld. Fig. 1.2 1.2. Different bar sections 1.2.1. Steel bars Steel bars, editable or from section tables, are available in different arrangements depending on their shape and type of steel. When selecting a section, its position and combination with other elements can also be selected. Its properties can be indicated in the options that appear on screen. For example, if a rolled steel section is selected, the user can select whether it consists of a simple section or if it has lateral plates, if it has haunches, if it is double in a box with batten plates, etc. Fig. 1.4 If the layout is that of two sections welded together with batten plates, the separation between the sections can be selected. The user can also choose the type of steel to use for the ba

Pagina 17-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza whole structure. Upon...

Pagina 18 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza tten plates as...

tten plates as well as indicating their spacing or, alternatively, allow the program to design the spacing. The batten plate sections can be established in two different ways: • Generic plate. In this case, the program calculates the geometry of the plate • Plate series. Here, the program uses the rectangular pate series to select the adequate plate. If the library used in the job at the time does not possess a rectangular section series for the batten plates, the option will not be available until a suitable series is created or imported. Fig. 1.3 CYPE Metal 3D - User manual When selecting a section with haunches, the user can choose between initial or final, top or bottom. Fig. 1.5 When the joint is generic, as well as the separation between the sections, the user can choose the type of joint: Fig. 1.7 Castellated beams are also available. There is a range of web opening shapes available: hexagonal, octagonal or circular. The user specifies the dimension ratios and numb

Pagina 18-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza tten plates as well as...

Pagina 19 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza er
of filled...

er of filled openings at the ends of the beam. • Independent. The element is treated as two independent sections where the other is not considered when verifying buckling or slenderness. • Joined at maximum distance. The program calculates the distance between the generic joints so the section can be considered a built-up section. • Joined at given distance. The user indicates the distance between the joints. Fig. 1.6 Fig. 1.8 CYPE 11 12 Metal 3D If a section with a concrete slab is chosen, the user can introduce the real width and effective width of the slab, its thickness, the distance to the section and activate the partial composite action. The user can also indicate the type of concrete and its creep coefficient. Fig. 1.10 Fig. 1.9 In the case of welded sections, depending on the selected section, the options available are: • Simple section. • Double with generic joint. When selected, this contains similar options as to those found in rolled steel sections wh

Pagina 19-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza er
of filled openings at the...

Pagina 20 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza en using the...

en using the option Double in box generic joint. Fig. 1.11 • Four with generic joint. This is similar to the previous option, only more options are available when considering the separation between sections. As well as rolled and welded steel sections, the program offers cold-formed steel and ties with their respective sections and options. Within the sections options, an ample variety of editable sections are available. For example by choosing the Deck section, the user may choose between a circular hollow section or a 6, 8, 10 or 12 sided tube. Additionally, different diameters can be applied to the initial and final ends of the bar. This way, circular, hexagonal, octagonal, decagonal and dodecagonal truncated cone sections can be introduced. 1.2.2. Extruded aluminium Using the icon, further explanations can be obtained on the various options. The program has the option of using extruded aluminium bars, designed according to Eurocode 9. These are introduced in the same way a

Pagina 20-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza en using the option Double...

Pagina 21 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza s steel bars.
...

s steel bars. CYPE Metal 3D - User manual Using the extruded aluminium sections editor, any section can be created: open, with cells, made up of thin walled flat elements… and used in the structural analysis to proceed with the resistance calculation, including the corresponding check reports. Fig. 1.12 1.2.3. Special aluminium sections The aluminium extrusion process has the advantage that as well as being able to obtain standard transverse aluminium alloy sections, specific designs can also be obtained. The program uses an Extruded aluminium section editor, which allows for the design and check of aluminium alloy bars with specific transverse sections. Fig. 1.13 Upon clicking the Special aluminium section button, a dialogue box opens with options to create, copy, edit and manage a library of special extruded aluminium sections. Using the create button (or edit button, once special sections have been defined), the extruded aluminium section editor is displayed on screen. T

Pagina 21-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza s steel bars.

CYPE

Metal ...

Pagina 22 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza he specific...

he specific design of the section increases the range of available transverse sections, allowing for an optimum combination which simplifies the constructions process of the structure, with mechanical properties which maximise the resistance effectiveness with minimum weight. The program also offers the possibility of stiffened sections without having to use composite sections, which avoids having to weld or bolt the components. Fig. 1.14 CYPE 13 14 Metal 3D Fig. 1.15 Fig. 1.17 The editor offers information on the mechanical and torsional properties of the gross section, required for the structural analysis, which is updated after any modifications have been carried out. Properties displayed include the section’s area, moment and product of inertia, torsion module, warping constant and shear centre coordinates. Using the calculated resistance of the sections created with the editor, the section is checked for the forces derived from the structural analysis. The analysis inc

Pagina 22-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza he specific design of the...

Pagina 23 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza orporates an...

orporates an automatic calculation of the section’s susceptibility against the local buckling of the thin walled elements making up the transverse section, assuming each one buckles independently. The local buckling coefficient which affects the slenderness parameter of each element can be edited and so be able to consider other buckling modes. The section is classified based on the previous analysis, and with it, the effective properties, elastic or plastic, are obtained which will then be used for the resistance checks. Fig. 1.16 CYPE Metal 3D - User manual 1.2.4. Timber bars Timber bars can be circular, square, rectangular and rectangular with variable depth. Fig. 1.19 The timber used for the structure has to be assigned a service class depending on its environment: • Service class 1: Is characterised by material humidity content at a temperature of 20ºC and relative air humidity exceeding 65% only a few weeks per year. • Service class 2: Is characterised by a mater

Pagina 23-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza orporates an
automatic...

Pagina 24 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza ial humidity...

ial humidity content at a temperature of 20ºC and relative air humidity exceeding 85% only a few weeks per year. Fig. 1.18 Metal 3D calculates timber structures and carries out the structural verification and design of the elements in accordance with Eurocode 5 (including fire resistance check). • Service class 3: When climatic conditions leading to humidity contents greater than those of service class 2 are found. Timber sections are introduced in the same way steel structures are introduced; by using the option Bar > Describe section. A section library containing the most common sections is provided. The library can be managed in a similar way as the steel library whereby it can be edited and personalised. The service class is to be defined once the section has been accepted in the Bar > Describe section option. The service class can also be defined by clicking on Job > Timber sections. Within this dialogue, the Check fire resistance box can be activated, which checks the str

Pagina 24-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza ial humidity
content at a...

Pagina 25 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza ucture
against...

ucture against fire in accordance with Eurocode 5 part 1-2. The analysis is carried out using the reduced section method which verifies the load capacity of each element using an effective section, which in turn is obtained by deducting the effective carbonisation thickness from the initial section. CYPE 15 16 Metal 3D vated and the section fails, a message will appear when checking the U.L.S. of the section: ‘Fire resistance check failed’. If, on the contrary, the section passes all the fire checks, its use percentage will be displayed. When calculating with the fire resistance check, any length variations the elements may suffer due thermal conditions are not considered by the program. Timber sections have to be assigned a resistance class depending on their mechanical properties in a way to guarantee the value of the properties of the timber are equal to or greater than those corresponding to the assigned Resistance class. The types of timber and corresponding resistance c

Pagina 25-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza ucture
against fire in...

Pagina 26 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza lasses...

lasses considered by the program are those present in the UNE EN 338 and UNE EN 1194 codes for solid and laminated wood respectively: Fig. 1.20 The effective carbonisation depth is determined as a function of the carbonisation speed of the timber for the Required resistance, and bearing in mind if a surface protection has been applied (in the form of wood derived planks or plasterboard planks) and its respective failure period, if any. • Wood sawn from conifers or poplars. Resistance class: C14, C16, C18, C20, C22, C24, C27, C30, C35, C40, C45, C50. • Wood sawn from frondescent species. Resistance class: D30, D35, D40, D50, D60, D70. • Homogenous glue laminated wood. The section verification is carried out in a similar manner as is for steel and aluminium sections. Once the forces acting on the bar have been calculated (Analysis > Analyse), any sections not verifying one or more conditions of the selected code are displayed in red. Upon clicking on one of these bars, a di

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Pagina 27 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza alogue box...

alogue box appears displaying all the members of the series and indicating which of them are suitable and which are not. If the Check fire resistance option has been activated, the verification in case of fire will only be undertaken if the section verifies all the required conditions for normal situations. Resistance class: GL24h, GL28h, GL32h, GL36h. • Combined glue laminated wood. Resistance class: GL24c, GL28c, GL32c, GL36c It is equally possible to know the use factor of each section by selecting the option Analysis> U.L.S. checks, having analysed the job. If the fire resistance check has been acti- Fig. 1.21 CYPE Metal 3D - User manual To assign the type of timber and resistance class, select the bar(s) in question and click on Bar > Describe material. Alternatively, the bar(s) may be assigned the type of timber selected in Job > Timber sections. The properties of the material required to calculate the forces, such as tensile, compression, shear and bending resistances

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are assigned automatically by the program once the type of material has been assigned. Section geometry. The user introduces the distances between the centre of gravity and the surrounding outline of the section in the two directions of each of the local axes of the section: • Left width • Right width • Bottom depth • Top depth 1.2.5. Concrete bars Mechanical characteristics Circular and rectangular (with constant or variable depth) may be defined. The program calculates the forces which these bars are submitted to and displays the results by simple loadcases, combinations or envelopes. The resistance of concrete bars is not checked, i.e., their sections are not checked or designed. • Area • Shear area Avy • Shear area Avz • Bending inertia Iyy • Bending inertia Izz • Torsional inertia It Material • Modulus of elasticity • Poisson’s ratio Fig. 1.22 • Coefficient of thermal expansion • Unit weight 1.2.6. Generic bars Generic bars of any other

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Pagina 29 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza material may be...

material may be defined. The program calculates the forces which these bars are submitted to and displays the results by simple loadcases. The resistance of the generic bars is not checked, i.e. their sections are not checked or designed. The user defines the following properties of the bars once they have been positioned: Fig. 1.23 CYPE 17 18 Metal 3D 1.3. Basic introduction of a structure This way, the geometry of the structure is rapidly introduced, having only to describe the nodes and bars, their attributes and loads. These topics shall be seen later on. The introduction of a 3D structure is defined in 3 phases: • Geometrical and structural introduction • Bar and node description and their properties Manual data introduction • Definition of load states and loads to which the structure is submitted. Within the 3D views only nodes or bars with known coordinates will be possible, to do so, the reference lines of other previously introduced nodes or bars have to be

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To...

captured. To facilitate this task, the program has the following options available: 1.3.1. Geometrical and structural introduction There are two ways of introducing the geometry: by importing a DXF/DWG file with the drawing of the structure in 3D and its corrects coordinates or by manual introduction of the structure with the aid of the implemented drawing tools to facilitate data entry. • Snap and grid cursor. Upon activating this option, the movement of the cursor is forced within the interval of the points defined within the increment option and ignoring any in between. Data entry by importing a DXF or DWG file • Repeat the last selection. Using this option, any bars, nodes or loads which were previously selected are reselected. Within the Job menu, the option Import DXF and DWG files can be found. Once the selected file has been read, within the Object selection window, the layers which are to be imported can be selected. Upon selecting each layer, it will be highlighted

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To facilitate this...

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in blue in the graphics area of the window. • Object references. In the same way as these are selected for a DXF/DWG file, this option allows to activate the object snaps on the program options (nodes and bars). A tracking option is available which can be configured for example, if the Extension line us activated, the extension of a bar is snapped to when one approaches it with the cursor, it is drawn as a discontinuous line. If, after the introduction of a bar, the option Draw dimensions is selected (Dimensions tab in the configuration window, displayed in the toolbar), the program will attach using the selected display colour, the length and angle corresponding to the preceding point if it consists of a non-defined point. If the Edit the dimension button is activated on the toolbar , upon clicking on the second point, a window will appear asking to confirm or edit the distance. Fig. 1.24 CYPE Metal 3D - User manual An option which should be taken into account when introducing

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Pagina 32 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza a structure is...

a structure is that of Bar > Generate nodes at intersection points. Once this option has been activated, nodes are generated at bar intersections. If this option is deactivated, the bars will cross without generating a connection between them. Planes menu options Fig. 1.25 • Dimensions There are a series of buttons in the top part of the dialogue box with which it is possible to define other functions. For example, the X and Y distances can be introduced, or alternatively the length and angle. Fig. 1.26 Upon selecting this option, the following window will open displaying the available procedures: Fig. 1.29 o Fig. 1.27 Depending on the plane on which is being worked on, the available options will vary. If an existing bar is selected, the program will ask for the distance to the closest node or snap point of the bar. o If, during the introduction of a bar, a known point is selected, upon pressing with the cursor, the background colour is eliminated which indicates that a dim

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ension will not be required, as the coordinates of the point have already been defined. This will not occur if the Edit the dimension option is deactivated, which implies having to use the generic dimensioning options found in Planes > Dimensions. o o Add dimensions. Used to dimension the structure. Once the nodes and bars have been introduced, upon clicking this option, it is possible to modify their dimensions by clicking on the two nodes defining the distance which is to be dimensioned and typing the distance. Delete dimensions. Deletes incorrect dimensions; select two reference lines of the dimension to delete. Show dimensions. Displays previously hidden dimensions. Hide dimensions. Using this option, it is possible to deactivate the dimensions which are not to be visible in the drawings. Select the two reference lines to hide, which will be drawn in grey. • References and Show/hide planes These two options are found in the Plane menu and are both used to view reference lines

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required,...

Pagina 34 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza .

Fig. 1.28
...

. Fig. 1.28 CYPE 19 20 Metal 3D Describe section The difference is that the References option allows to deactivate or activate specific groups of reference lines of the structure, whereas the Show/hide planes option allows to select which reference lines will be visible or hidden for a group of nodes. This option is contained within the Bar menu. Using this option, the user can specify the type of section previously selected bars are to have. To do so, open a selection window using the mouse or, alternatively, select the bars one by one: as a bar is approached by the cursor, it will be highlighted in blue. At that moment, by clicking on the left mouse button, the bar(s) will be selected and displayed in orange. By then right clicking with the mouse button, the Describe section window will open where the section to assign to the bars can be defined. • Show/hide new planes Using this option, it is specified that reference lines will be generated upon introducing new nodes wi

Pagina 34-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza .

Fig. 1.28

CYPE

19

20
...

Pagina 35 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza thin the...

thin the structure. These can be displayed using the Show/hide planes options. Within the Describe section window, a wide range of section sizes and materials are available: the user can select amongst rolled, welded, cold formed, aluminium or timber sections. These are selected by clicking on their corresponding button which will allow the user to choose from a section series or define the section. Having accepted the options, upon returning to the Describe section window, the selected section will be displayed in the top right hand corner. • Group This is used when there are equal parts of the structure contained in planes parallel to orthogonal axes. Using this option, it is possible to group planes with these properties in such a way that when a modification is carried out, it is equally carried out on the rest of the grouped planes. To group the planes, select Planes > Group and from the emerging window, select the type of plane to group (XY, XZ,YZ) and select the nodes thro

Pagina 35-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza thin the
structure. These...

Pagina 36 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza ugh which the...

ugh which the plane belonging to that group passes. It will be assigned a number. • Ungroup To ungroup the planes, select Planes > Ungroup and from the emerging window, which plane is to be ungrouped (XY,YZ,YZ) and select the nodes through which the planes to ungroup pass through. Fig. 1.30 Describe disposition 1.3.2. Bar description and their properties This option is located within the Bar menu; once activated, the Describe disposition window will appear in which the angle of the section can be chosen as well as its position relative to the axis of the bar. Once the geometry of the structure has been introduced, the bars and nodes can be described. The following options are located in the Bar and Node menus CYPE Metal 3D - User manual position of the axis, click on one of the nine points of the diagram of the section (corners, mid-point of a face or the axis of the section) and upon doing so, the new position of the axes can be seen. A displacement in Y and/or Z can be app

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plane...

Pagina 37 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza lied. Once the...

lied. Once the window has been accepted, the displaced section will be drawn relative to the definition line; a dash-dot line will be drawn at the position of the axis of the section so those sections whose axis positions have been change can be identified more easily. Fig. 1.31 Fig. 1.33 The angle of the section can be defined in reference to the local axes of the bar or using the option to calculate the rotation angle relative to the plane of the active window. To interpret the results provided by the program correctly, it is very important to take into accoun t that, even though the section has been displaced, the surrounding conditions (support conditions, reactions, imposed displacements, etc) are applied at the nodes situated at the introduction axis. Additionally, forces continue to be represented on the introduction axis, which in turn correspond to the centre of gravity of the sections. Fig. 1.32 Invert the direction of the X axis of the bar Upon clicking on a bar with t

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his option activated, the direction of the local X axis of the bar is inverted. This way, symmetrical bar layouts can be obtained in the structure if non symmetrical sections are used such as Z sections or angles. Using the Describe disposition option, it is possible to define the displacement of the axis of the bar with respect to the definition line of the bar. By being able to define the eccentricities, the more the analysis model resembles the real structure, and hence the program can take into account the introduced displacements and use them in the stiffness matrices of the different elements. To change the Changing of the axis of the section inverts the initial and end positions of the bar. For cases where fixity coefficients CYPE 21 22 Metal 3D have been applied or loads have been applied, the program will automatically modify the introduced data so these do not undergo any alterations due to the modification of the axis. Ungroup Cancels the Group option and separates

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the grouped bars. Buckling This is used to assign β coefficients to bars and hence modifying their buckling lengths. This can be done manually by selecting the coefficient depending on each buckling plane or using the option Approximate calculation of buckling lengths. Fig. 1.34 Describe material Once the sections have been described, the same process must be repeated to describe the material of each bar of the structure. Create elements This option is used when several aligned bars behave as a single bar. To create the element, select the first node from the first bar then the second node from the last bar forming the element. Group Fig. 1.35 This option allows to match sections, in such a way that the greatest section is assigned to the selected sections. This situation can arise if the sections are designed differently due to the forces to which they are submitted, however for more homogenous results, the sections are matched. Lateral buckling This option activates the ch

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bars.
Buckling
...

Pagina 40 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza eck for lateral ...

eck for lateral buckling of the top or bottom flange or both by introducing the buckling β coefficient. Click, using the left mouse button, on the bars to be grouped and, once selected, click with the right mouse button to unselect. To add a bar to a group of bars, select a bar from the group then the bar to be added. CYPE Metal 3D - User manual Fig. 1.38 Limiting deflections These options allow for deflection limits to be assigned to elements, the value to introduce will be left to the user’s opinion. Fig. 1.36 Fixity at ends Fixity coefficients can be modified in their XY and XZ planes. Fig. 1.37 Fig. 1.39 Create and Edit deflection groups Information Within the program, the deflection groups are created automatically. If these are to be modified or create a new group, click on the first node of the group and on the end node of the group. This option displays as a report, a list of the data of the selected bars as well as the use percentage regarding resistance and

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Pagina 41 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza deflection.
...

deflection. Using this option, the user can specify if the deflection is secant (default option) or tangent to node 1 or tangent to node 2. CYPE 23 24 Metal 3D External fixity This option defines the fixity of bars reaching external fixities, such as connections introduced in the Beam Definition of CYPECAD. Fig. 1.40 Fig. 1.42 Node description 1.3.3. Ties Now the bars have been described, the following step consists in describing the nodes. When a node is introduced in the program, it is introduced, by default, as fixed. If the degrees of freedom of the nodes or their fixities are to be modified, this can be done using the options: Internal fixity and External fixity located in Node menu. Ties may be defined between nodes. The ties between the nodes are used to indicate that two or more nodes have the same displacements for all the loadcases. The option is located in the Node menu where the displacement can selected in one, two or three directions in accordance with the X,

Pagina 41-Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza deflection.

Using this...

Pagina 42 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza Y and Z global ...

Y and Z global axes. The number corresponding to each group of nodes whose displacements have been tied is displayed on screen. Internal fixity This option defines whether bars reaching a node are to be fixed or pinned. Bear in mind that for two or more nodes to have the same displacement, an element or construction arrangement must be present in the structure that will effectively materialise the equal displacement hypothesis. Ties cannot be assigned to nodes that form part of braced frames when the tied displacement has its projection on the plane of the braced frame. Fig. 1.41 CYPE Metal 3D - User manual 1.3.4. Loads and analysis Loadcases are defined using the following option: Job > Load > Additional loadcases. Once the loads have been defined, the user can access the option located in the Load menu. To facilitate data entry, load introduction on nodes and bars is treated as two separate options. Viewed loadcase Fig. 1.45 A scroll menu allows the user to select the lo

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Pagina 43 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza adcase of the...

adcase of the structure to be viewed. Alternatively, all the loadcases can be visible simultaneously. Introduce loads on nodes This option is similar to the previous option, whereby the loadcase is to be selected and the value and angle of the point load is to be indicated. Fig. 1.43 Scales Different scales may be assigned to loads, either by loadcase or type (point, uniform…). Fig. 1.46 Introduce loads on bars Once the loads have been introduced, these can be modified or deleted using the Edit and Delete options. Select the bars on which the same load is to be applied followed by a click with the right Fig. 1.44 mouse button in for the loads window to appear. Here, the loadcase, type of load (point, line, uniform…) can be selected and its value and angle introduced. The load can also be defined relative to the local axis or global axis of the bar. Analysis This option calculates the structure. It contains several options: • Do not dimension sections. Performs a quick

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structure to...

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analysis of the forces of the isolated structure without changing the sections that have been introduced. • Quick section design. Designs the sections of the structure using the current forces and increases the size of those sections that fail. CYPE 25 26 Metal 3D • Optimum section design. Designs the sections with the current forces and increases the size of those section that fail. By increasing the sections, greater forces are generated and therefore the program performs a second analysis to see whether the sections are valid. If these fail, they are modified and the program runs through another analysis. The program continues this process until suitable sections are found. This option is slower than the previous two options but provides a more exact result. The design options can be carried out using all the sections of the series or using sections of the series greater than the current sections. Fig. 1.48 Displacements An additional option includes designing the joint

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of the forces of...

Pagina 45 - Manual de utilizare CYPE CYPE 3D Instructiuni montaj, utilizare Engleza s of the...

s of the structure (acquired as a separate module). All the user must do is indicate whether these are to be resolved as bolted or welded connections. Using this option, the displacements of the selected nodes and bars can be viewed, allowing for the possibility of selecting the displacements corresponding to a specific loadcase, combination or combination envelope. Upon clicking on a bar, the displacements of its initial and final nodes will appear. To deactivate the option, right click with the mouse button. Fig. 1.47 Check bars Upon activating this option, bars that do not verify all the conditions are displayed in red. If one of these is clicked on using the mouse, a window appears displaying a list of all the sections within its series, whether they are suitable or not, their weight per meter length, their used resistance and a description of the encountered error, if any. The selected section is highlighted in blue; to change the section, double click on another which will i

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...

n turn be shown highlighted in blue. Fig. 1.49 CYPE Metal 3D - User manual Reactions This option allows to consult the reactions at supports with external fixity. The type of loadcase, combination or envelope can be selected. This option is similar to the previous option. Click on the supports for which the reactions are to be seen. Fig. 1.51 Values at a point This option allows to consult the forces and deflection of bars. Fig. 1.50 Batten plate distribution Using this option, the batten plates designed for each bar are displayed. Force diagrams Force, deflection and deformed shape diagrams of the bars are graphically displayed using this option. Fig. 1.52 CYPE 27 28 Metal 3D Envelope and Envelopes at a point Within the Options menu, the user can choose whether to use prestressed or non-prestressed bolts i.e. ordinary bolts, and specify their steel class and range of diameters that are available. Further options include whether or no to always provide haunches at ele